Eye freckles, also known as iris freckles or iris nevi, are small, pigmented spots that can appear on the iris of the eye. These freckles are similar to freckles that appear on the skin and are usually harmless. However, they should still be monitored by an eye care professional, as changes in size, shape, or color could indicate a more serious condition.
The color of eye freckles can vary depending on the amount and type of pigment present. They can range from light brown to dark brown or even black. In some cases, they may appear as a different color if they contain other pigments or if there is underlying inflammation or vascularization.
Eye freckles are typically caused by the clumping of melanocytes, which are cells that produce pigment, in the stroma layer of the iris. The exact cause of why these cells clump together is not fully understood, but it is believed to be influenced by factors such as genetics, exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, and possibly hormonal changes.
It's important to note that while eye freckles are usually benign, any changes in size, shape, or color should be evaluated by an eye care professional to rule out more serious conditions such as iris melanoma. Regular eye exams can help monitor the health of the eyes and detect any abnormalities early.